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Home >> Industry Knowledge >> Nitrogen Generator (Nitrogen equipment) the composition of air separation process and purification system
The first chapter of the composition of air separation process
First, the organizational process
China from 1953, the first in Kazakhstan oxygen oxygen generator, the current low-pressure oxygen-wide, which experienced a period of several generations of change:
The first generation: high-low cycle, ammonia cooling, nitrogen expansion turbine, in addition to absorption impurities;
The second generation: rock storage in addition to impurities, the expansion of low pressure air turbine cycle;
Third Generation: reversible heat exchanger;
The fourth generation: molecular sieve purification;
Fifth Generation:, structured packing, the low-pressure turbo-expander cycle of pressurization;
The sixth generation: The compression process, structured packing, the hydrogen-free argon distillation;
○-wide low-pressure process: only the manufacture of gas products, liquid products are basically non-production;
○ internal compression process: Chemical: 5 ~ 8Mpa: above the critical state, supercritical fluid;
Iron and steel category: 3.0 Mpa, the following critical state;
Second, the part of the function
Purification system fractionation purification of compressed cooling (cooling system, heat exchanger systems, distillation systems)
Liquids: storage and vaporization systems;
Gas: Pressure system;
○ purification system: dust filter, dust and mechanical removal of impurities;
○ compressed gases: the gas for power, to increase energy, have the cooling capacity;
(Second law of thermodynamics)
○ cooling: the gas pre-cooling to reduce energy consumption, improve the economy
There are pre-cooling cycle of an expenditure of time than that without pre-cooling cycle of economic expenditure, an increase of refrigeration cycle, heat exchanger to reduce the work load of the cold products can be fully utilized;
○ purification: proof, purification;
Adsorption capacity and adsorption order of: H2O> C2H2> CO2;
○ distillation: Air Separation
Heat transfer systems: the realization of energy transfer to improve the economy, low temperature operating conditions;
Refrigeration system: ① ② maintain balance cold air expander liquefaction W + Δh method
Δh throttle
Expansion of efficient mechanisms for cold: expansion work W;
Cold damage: running cold Q1 loss
Lack of cold thermal rehabilitation Q2 loss
Production of liquid products of the cold away Q3
Q ≧ Q + Q2 + Q3
Section I purification system
First, dust removal method:
1, inertia force dust: the direction of air currents to carry out drastic changes, with the role of dust particles separated from their own inertia;
2, filter dust: air separation method most commonly used;
3, the centrifugal force dust: the centrifugal force arising from rotating machinery;
4, washing dust:
5, electrostatic precipitator:
Second, an air separation plant to the requirements of Dust
Particles of less than 0.1 did not make too many demands, because the mesh filter is too small, resistance;
Particles of more than 0.1 to 100% of the removal;
Third, the two types of filter dust filter
1, the internal filter: filter loosely packed in the framework, the dust layer in the filter set internal arrested;
2, the surface of filter: A filter cloth or filter paper filter material such as thin, the dust adhesion of dust particles on the surface layer as a filter layer to trap the dust particles; self-cleaning filter: 1 more than 99.9% above ; resistance than 1.5KPa. On the self-removal; Venturi (text-pipe): The air pressure can be converted to the speed of energy; cartridge can be replaced when the work;
Fourth, the performance evaluation of dust catcher
1, flow rate (capacity): the election process double the amount of air;
2, the pressure loss;
3, collection efficiency;
4, life expectancy;
First, the organizational process
China from 1953, the first in Kazakhstan oxygen oxygen generator, the current low-pressure oxygen-wide, which experienced a period of several generations of change:
The first generation: high-low cycle, ammonia cooling, nitrogen expansion turbine, in addition to absorption impurities;
The second generation: rock storage in addition to impurities, the expansion of low pressure air turbine cycle;
Third Generation: reversible heat exchanger;
The fourth generation: molecular sieve purification;
Fifth Generation:, structured packing, the low-pressure turbo-expander cycle of pressurization;
The sixth generation: The compression process, structured packing, the hydrogen-free argon distillation;
○-wide low-pressure process: only the manufacture of gas products, liquid products are basically non-production;
○ internal compression process: Chemical: 5 ~ 8Mpa: above the critical state, supercritical fluid;
Iron and steel category: 3.0 Mpa, the following critical state;
Second, the part of the function
Purification system fractionation purification of compressed cooling (cooling system, heat exchanger systems, distillation systems)
Liquids: storage and vaporization systems;
Gas: Pressure system;
○ purification system: dust filter, dust and mechanical removal of impurities;
○ compressed gases: the gas for power, to increase energy, have the cooling capacity;
(Second law of thermodynamics)
○ cooling: the gas pre-cooling to reduce energy consumption, improve the economy
There are pre-cooling cycle of an expenditure of time than that without pre-cooling cycle of economic expenditure, an increase of refrigeration cycle, heat exchanger to reduce the work load of the cold products can be fully utilized;
○ purification: proof, purification;
Adsorption capacity and adsorption order of: H2O> C2H2> CO2;
○ distillation: Air Separation
Heat transfer systems: the realization of energy transfer to improve the economy, low temperature operating conditions;
Refrigeration system: ① ② maintain balance cold air expander liquefaction W + Δh method
Δh throttle
Expansion of efficient mechanisms for cold: expansion work W;
Cold damage: running cold Q1 loss
Lack of cold thermal rehabilitation Q2 loss
Production of liquid products of the cold away Q3
Q ≧ Q + Q2 + Q3
Section I purification system
First, dust removal method:
1, inertia force dust: the direction of air currents to carry out drastic changes, with the role of dust particles separated from their own inertia;
2, filter dust: air separation method most commonly used;
3, the centrifugal force dust: the centrifugal force arising from rotating machinery;
4, washing dust:
5, electrostatic precipitator:
Second, an air separation plant to the requirements of Dust
Particles of less than 0.1 did not make too many demands, because the mesh filter is too small, resistance;
Particles of more than 0.1 to 100% of the removal;
Third, the two types of filter dust filter
1, the internal filter: filter loosely packed in the framework, the dust layer in the filter set internal arrested;
2, the surface of filter: A filter cloth or filter paper filter material such as thin, the dust adhesion of dust particles on the surface layer as a filter layer to trap the dust particles; self-cleaning filter: 1 more than 99.9% above ; resistance than 1.5KPa. On the self-removal; Venturi (text-pipe): The air pressure can be converted to the speed of energy; cartridge can be replaced when the work;
Fourth, the performance evaluation of dust catcher
1, flow rate (capacity): the election process double the amount of air;
2, the pressure loss;
3, collection efficiency;
4, life expectancy;